Process of producing shingle elements



June 10, 1930. A. o. MICKELSON Er'AL 1,762,405

PROCESS OF PRODUCING SHINGLE ELEMENTS Original Filed July 21, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet l June 1,0, 1930. A. o. MICKELSON ET AL 1,762,405

PROCESS OF' PRODUCI'NG SHINGLE ELEMENTS Original Filed July 21, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 fZZ/?? for@ ZU? 72665: Jlfred /lz 675625022,

Dona Zdv Cqrynfert @4K @ZM/WM t Patented .lune V10, 193() PATENT OFFICE ALFRED 0. MICKELSON AND DONALD A. CUMFER, QF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS,

BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T THE PATENT AND LICENSING CORPORATION, 0F BOS- TON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS PROCESS OF PRODUCING SHINGLE ELEMENTS Original application led July 21, 1923, Serial No. 652,886. Divided and this application illed March. 16, 1925, Serial No. 15,906. Renewed August 6, 1926.

, provide a roofing which is cut from a sheet without waste, producing units which are self-spacing and interlocking so as to prevent curling or warping when laid upon a roof; to provide units which are attractive in design and `which supply a maximum surface by the use of a minimum amount of material or stock in manufacturing the shingles; to provide roofing units which when .laid produce a rigid unitary construction and an attractive design for roof covering.

Fig. l shows a portion of the sheet after being run through a cutting mechanism. Fig. 2 is a face view of one of the units. Fig. 3 is a section of the roof showing the method of laying the shingle units. Fig. 4 is a modified method of cutting the sheet for producing units having a folded-back engaging portion. Fig. 5 is a face view of the units cut by the method shown in Fig. 4. Fig, 6 is a perspective View of a unit such as that shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of a portion of the roof showing the manner in which units having the folded-back portions are laid.

Referring to the drawings, atl is shown a roofing sheet which is preferably of a felted fibrous material such as that commonly used at the present time for the manufacture of prepared roofing having a base of fibrous stock, saturated and coated with a bituminous material preferably asphaltic incharacter and surfaced with a grit or granular surfacing material of a desired color. Such prior to or subsequent to the coating operation.

The invention has to do particularly with theA method of cutting and the configuration of the shingle units produced.

The sheet l on being run through the cutting machine is severed transversely along the llines 2, these lines being interrupted centrally as are the longitudinal cuts 3. Centrally of the sheet are made diagonal cuts shown at 4, at the extremities of which are V-shaped incisions designated as 5. The eX- tremities or legs of these incisions connect with the transverse and longitudinal cuts respectively whereby at the bottom of each shingle is produced a fan shaped locking appendage shown at 6. The V-shaped incisions 5 produce the spacinflr notches which register with the corner of the adjacent shingle units designated as 7 on the shingle unit shown at 8 in Fig. 2.

The method of laying the shingles is clearly shown .in Fig. 3. The units 8 are laid side by side with the corner 7 engaging or registerin with the notches 5, which space the shing es properly. VThe spreading corners of the lockingappendage 6 are drawn up beneath the edges of theunderlying shingle units so that the edges slip into the cuts 9 fixedly engaging the fan shaped appendages and preventing flapping, or cur1- ing of the lower extremities of the units. In this manner the shingles are laid row upon row, the nailing being done near the corner designated as 7 in Fig. 2 and wholly concealed beneath the overlying shingles as the successive rows are laid.

In the drawings a square shaped shingle has been shown, but it is understood that this may be varied by other designs or configurations such as hexagonal or octagonal, diamond shaped or innumerable ,other geometric figures. As explained, the units may be surfaced with any desired color to produce the desired coloring effect when laid on the roof.

It will be noted also that the overlapping portion of the shingles is relatively small so that the units cover the maximum surface for their size. A. further advantage of the design is the manner in which they are cut from the sheet, there being no waste in the cutting operation.

In' Figsyll, 5, 6 and 7 are shown single units cut according to a modified form of construction whereby the vfan-shaped engaging or locking portions 6 lare folded back and slipped under the adjacent shingles when laid in the manner shown in Fig. 7.

When cutting shingles of this character, as shown in Fig. 4, the slits adjacent the base of the locking fans are eliminated as the locking elements 6 are folded back in place of being merely slid under the adjacent shingle units. j

As shown in Fig. 7 the units will be selfspacing similarly to the arrangement shown in Fig. 3. The roof when laid, however, willpresent a slightly different effect in that instead of a widened lower horizontal -edge, the lower portions of the shingles will be truncated as shown in Fig. 7

We claim as our invention:

l. A process of making individual selfspacing iiexible roofing units comprising severing a sheetvon lines of severance eX- tending inwardly from lateral edges and terminating short of meeting, severing the sheet intermediate the lateral edges on broken longitudinal lines of severance parallel to said lateral edges also terminating short of meeting, cutting the sheet intermediate its lateral edges on spaced diagonal lines to form butts for individual shingle units to be subsequently cut from the sheet, said diagonal Y cuts passing through the points determined by the intersections of projections of said lines. of severance, connecting said lines of severance by short broken lines of severance angularly disposed thereto, the connecting points of these short broken lines of severance forming the apexes of the diagonal lines.

2. A process of making individual selfspacing iiexible rooiing units comprising severing a sheet'on lines of severance eX- tending inwardly from lateral edges and terminating short of meeting, severing the sheet intermediate the lateral edges on broken longitudinal lines of severance parallel to said lateral edges also terminating short of meeting, cuttlngthe sheet intermediate its lateral edges and substantially centrally, on spaced diagonal lines to form butts for opposite individual shingle units to be subsequently cut from the sheet, said diagonal cuts passing through the points determined by the intersections of projections of said lines of severance, connecting said lineL of severance by short broken lines of severance angularly disposed thereto, the connecting points of these short broken lines of severance forming the apeXes of the diagonal lines.

3. A process of making individual selfspacing iierrible` roofing units comprising severing a sheet on lines of severance eX- tending inwardly from lateral edges and terminating short of meeting, severing the sheet intermediate the lateral edges on broken longitudinal lines of severance parallel to said lateral edges also terminating short of meeting, cutting the sheet intermediate its lateral edges on spaced diagonal lines to form butts for opposite individual shingle units to be subsequently cut from the sheet, said diagonal cuts passing through the points determined by the intersections ofvprojections of said lines of severance', connecting said lines of severance by short broken lines of severance angularly disposed thereto, the connecting points of these short broken lines of severance forming the apeXes of the diagonal lines, the short broken cuts forming spacing notches adapted to register with adjacent shingle units when laid.

4. A process of making individual selfspacing flexible roofing units, comprising severing a sheet on longitudinal lines of severance extending inwardly from lateral edges and terminating short of meeting, also severing the sheet intermediate said lateral edges on broken longitudinal lines of severance also terminating short of meeting, also cutting the sheet intermediate its vlateral edges on spaced angular lines to form butts for individual shingle units to be subsequently cut from the sheet, said,

angular cuts passing through the points d'etermined by the intersections of projections of said linesy of severance, connecting said lines of severance by short broken lines of severance angularly disposed thereto, the connecting points of these short broken lines of severance forming the apeXes of the angular lines.

5. A method of forming shingles consisting in cutting in a sheet of shingle ma* terial two pairs of main slits converging towards one point, in cutting a minor slit connecting each pair of converging slits, the main slits being straight and the minor slits being along broken lines, and in cutting a straight slit through said'point and connecting the minor slits.

ALFRED O. MICKELSON. DONALD A. CUMFER. 

